Antifragility

Antifragility, a concept introduced by Nassim Nicholas Taleb, describes systems or entities that not only withstand shocks, volatility, and uncertainty but actually benefit from them—becoming stronger and performing better under stress. Unlike fragile systems, which break under pressure, or resilient (or robust) ones, which merely endure without change, antifragile systems gain from disorder, errors, attacks, or failures. This concept emphasizes a proactive capacity for adaptation and evolution: when exposed to moderate stressors, such systems can self-repair, learn, and optimize their structure and function, enabling them to thrive amid uncertainty.